Piling is a speculative method of 3D printing reinforced concrete columns. In piling, concrete is precisely piled into and smushed out of a rebar cage, layer by layer. The process is controlled by three temporal parameters that are hard-coded into a custom-made “pile machine”: the diameter and height of each deposit is determined by the duration for which the pump is turned on at a layer, the vertical stacking is enabled by delays that are inserted between layers, and the incremental vertical movement is determined by the duration for which the electronic winch is turned on after these delays.